Dome of the Rock

The gold-domed Islamic shrine (not actually a mosque) at the centre of the Temple Mount, raised by the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik around 691 CE, over the rock from which Muhammad is said to have ascended on his Night Journey. It was built during a civil war in which a rival caliph held Mecca, and stands on the very ground most associated with the Holy of Holies of the Jewish Temples, which had stood here for centuries before it. It is the gold dome most people picture, and is often mistaken for the silver-domed Al-Aqsa Mosque nearby.

Read more on the main site: How ‘al-Aqsa’ got stretched to the whole Mount